What is a hornbook? Quelques exemples ....et lien pour artisanaux .....

              The Hornbook Exercise (From The Pilgrim site)

Miss Campion  holding  a hornbook en 1661

The Pilgrims believed that everyone should seek the word of God in the Bible, which was now available in English translations. In order to read the Bible, the young boys and girls were taught to read, using hornbooks.

The hornbook was very rudimentary in that it gave the alphabet in both capital and small letters, the vowels, and samples of syllable sounds. Sometimes the consonants were also included. This was generally followed by a Bible text and the Lord's Prayer.

The text was printed on paper or parchment and mounted on a board with a small handle. The text was then covered with a protective sheet of transparent animal horn -- hence the name hornbook. In order to scrape the horn thin enough to be dimly transparent, the horn had to be boiled in water to soften it and make it pliable. However, the scraping must be done quickly, since the horn dries and hardens very rapidly when exposed to the air.

The handles of many hornbookshad holes with a string so that theycould be worn around the neck or fastened to a belt.Thus, hornbooks would not be lost on the way to school and were easily accessible.

Sometimes the text was painted directly on a paddle of wood and left unprotected by horn. When this was done, the paddle was called a "battledore."

Sometimes the lessons for pupils would be written in doggerel rhyme as an aid to memory. One of these, which is still familiar today, was "Thirty days hath September. . ."

The pupils may have had bits of paper on which to write out their lessons, but it would have been quite common for them to use birch bark. If handled gently, birch bark served very well as a paper substitute. Lead pencils would have been rare in those early days. More than likely the pupils would have used a "plummet" of lead -- real lead -- and not the graphite which is used in pencils today

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Lien Pour des Hornbooks artisanaux :

http://www.trifils.com/laboutique/achat/index.php?catid=6

Vous pouvez en voir des versions modernes :

Hillside Samplings

ainsi que d'autres merveilles de cette créatrice

www.emlis.com/hillside.htm+Hillside+samplings+hornbook&hl=fr&ct=clnk&cd=10&gl=fr

et ensuite chez :

Examplars of the Dames :

http://www.stitchandframeshop.com/detail.cfm?ID=4370

chez Carriage House samplers :

Comments

[pichu]

superbe ! Je me régale sur votre site.

[fée clobouclett']

...formidable ! toutes ces connaissances que tu nous transmet (en 3 langues en plus !) vraiment bravo et merci ! je suis très heureuse de lire ces articles ! merci et dzing !
kenavo ;o)

[Estrella]

merci pour cette belle histoire...
besitos

[Mariperles]

Merci de nous faire découvrir ces merveilles. Un plaisir de parcourir ton blog. Amicalement

[ELYDAN]

que de merveilles pour ce debut d'annee merci gigi et que cette annee t'apporte plein de bonnes choses bz elyane